Showing posts with label Ella. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Ella. Show all posts

Wednesday, July 3, 2024

Alexandra's letter to Nicholas, dated September 19, 1915, and Nicholas's telegram and letter, dated September 18 and 19, 1915

Sources:

Letters of the Tsaritsa to the Tsar, 1914-1916, published by Duckworth & Co., 1923

The letter:

No. 127.
Tsarskoje Selo, Sept. 19-th 1915
My own sweet Darling,
To-day its four weeks you left us, it was a Saturday evening — Aug. 22-nd. Thank God we may hope to see you soon back again, in our midst — oh what a joy that will be!

Grey & rainy again. —

Thanks for having at once answered me about Yussupov, I directly telegraphed it on to Ella, it will quieten her. —

I am glad Vorontzov's escorts were so nice. How will it all be there now — that nest collecting again together — & Stana has taken there Krupensky's wife as her lady — her husband did the most harm in the talking set at the old Headquarters — & is not a good man. One must have an eye on their behaviour the whole time, they are a dangerous foe now — & as not being good people, our Friend ends your telegr.: "In the Caucasus there is little sunshine". — It hurts one that he should have changed so, but those women turn their husbands round their fingers. —

I see Ducky has been to Minsk to visit hospitals & refugees! Boris is coming to tea. — I placed my candles at Znamenia & prayed so earnestly for my Love. Then I went to our hospital & sat knitting in the different wards — I take my work so as to keep from being in the dressing station, wh. always draws me there. I only did one officer. — In the morning I finished Rost. papers, wh. I could not get done with before, tho' I read till 2 in the night in bed. —

I saw Dr. Pantiukhin fr. Livadia & we spoke about all the hospitals, sanatoriums wh. he hopes can begin their work in Jan., it will be a great boon when they are ready. —

We drove to Pavlovsk, mild, fr. time to time rained. —

Boris told me about his new nomination, wh. has overjoyed him I think, as he will have a lot to do — then I had Isa with papers. At 7 I shall go to Church with Baby. Grabbe wrote to his wife that the ministers' sitting had been stormy & that they wont do as you bid, but that you had been very energetic, a real Tsar — & I was so proud when Ania told me this — ah Lovy, do you feel yr. own strength & wisdom now, that you are yr. own master & will be energetic, decisive & not let yourself be imposed upon by others. — I liked the way Boris spoke of you & the great change in the Headquarters, & how one always gets news there now from all sides, & how cheerful you are.

God be blessed — our Friend was right. — I had a wire fr. my Vesselovsky, that he is ill & had to go from the regiment to look after his health. — Perhaps you are in Church at the same time as we are, that will be a nice feeling. — My supply train No. 1 is at Rovno & fr. there goes out & with a motor column, wh. a Prince Abamelek (fr. Odessa) formed & gave me (he is with it) they take things linnen etc. along the whole front — & they continued without harm under heavy firing — I am so glad Mekk wired fr. Vinnitsa where my big store is. — Varnava has left for Tobolsk, our Friend said we were to send him back. The old man said he was no more to show himself at the Synod. One anounces Samarin's return fr. th. Headquarters & that he at once began the work about Varnava & that he must be dismissed. Please forbid this if it is true & should reach you. — I must end now & dress for Church. Every evening fr. 9-9½ Marie, Baby, I and either Mr. Gilliard or Vladimir Nikolaievitch play "Tishe Yedesh, Dalshe Budesh." — Dinner is very cosy in the middle of the playroom. — Goodnight my beloved One, God bless and protect you guard & guide you & I cover you with kisses
Ever, Nicky, mine yr. very own loving
Wify.

I see the French people Monday at 4½, as they lunch at Elagin. Its such scandle — no flower to be had in town nor here — people stand in long files in the streets before the shops.

Abominably organised, Obolensky is an idiot — one must foresee the things — not wait till they happen. —

Nicholas's telegram:

Telegram. Stavka. 18 September, 1915.
I have immediately ordered the old man to find out about old Felix. I think it is a misunderstanding. The French General D'Amade and two officers are here, sent by Joffre. Tomorrow they are leaving for town. They will ask to be received by you; please see them. Good-night. I kiss You fondly.
NICKY.

Nicholas's letter:

Mogilev. 18 September, 1915.
PRECIOUS BELOVED SUNNY,
Your dear letters move me so deeply that I am quite in despair at being unable to answer in the same manner. I give you, perhaps, only a tenth part of what you give to me by your loving lines.

I find that, the longer our separation lasts, the deeper and firmer become the ties which bind us. A month is much. It is strange how accurately our Friend foresaw the length of time during which I was to be absent: "Thou wilt spend a month there, and then wilt thou return." Now when I leave, our Cossacks (the escort) will, of course, remain here; the other half is stationed at Tsarskoe; so Grabbe has asked me to put the barracks at your disposal — the new ones — for your wounded, till the end of the war. He came and asked me to write to you about it, knowing that this will give you pleasure.

I have just received your last dear letter of the 17th, in which you speak of the good impression which young Khvostov made on you. I was sure of it, knowing him of old, when he was Governor of Vologda, and later in Nijni. And in order not to lose time, I shall see him immediately on the day of my return, at 6 o'clock. Perhaps the elder Khvostov will do for S.'s place.

The day after our conference he asked permission to see me, and came in trembling with indignation against the others. He wanted to know whether I wished to keep him. I naturally said that I wished to do so — but now he will occupy another post. I did not tell him this, as I did not know it myself then.

19 September
It is true that the old man mentioned Kryjanov, but I rejected him. Krasheninnikov is an excellent, energetic man, and will be all right in the capacity of Minister of Justice. These are the chief questions, which I consequently hasten to answer. And now I must finish. God bless you, my precious, beloved little Birdie! Passionately and tenderly I kiss you and the children! Thank A. for her letter.
Always your old hubby
NICKY.


Above: Nicholas and Alexandra. Photo courtesy of Ilya Grigoryev on Flickr.


Above: Ella.


Above: Alexei.


Above: Grigori Rasputin.


Above: Maria.

Notes: Alexandra almost always referred to Grigori Rasputin as "our Friend".

Tishe Yedesh, Dalshe Budesh (Тише Едешь, Дальше Будеш) = The quieter you go, the further you'll be.

Tuesday, July 2, 2024

Alexandra's second letter to Nicholas of September 17 and 18, 1915

Source:

Letters of the Tsaritsa to the Tsar, 1914-1916, published by Duckworth & Co., 1923
The letter:

No. 126.
Tsarskoje Selo, Sept. 17 th 1915
My own beloved Angel,
Only a word before going to sleep. Have been so anxious all evening because I got no telegram from you, at last whilst my hair was being done it came at 5.m to 12 — think, how slow it went, it left the Headquarters at 9.56 & reached here 11.30, & I fool got nervous & anxious. I sent you two wires because of Khvostov & hoped you would mention a wee word. I asked you by letter some days ago about seeing him as he wanted it & you did not answer, & now he begged again before going to the country & therefore I wired it in the morning, & at 8.30 after seeing him. — So thankful, you say news continues good — that means very much, & people's spirits will rise. — Misha wired, to thank for my letter, from Orsha — thats good you will have him with you afterwards again. Marie said Dmitri wrote that he comes here with you, why Darling, Paul earnestly begs for you to send him to the regiment, he asked again when he took tea with me on Monday. — Marie looks alright, her hair is growing thick — she has worries with her chief Dr. & wants to get rid of him. — The Orlovs are still in town it seems & continue talking — Fredericks must forbid it, its disgraceful, only the old man must not use any name again. — Fancy, Stana has sent away her faithful Mlle Peterson — I suppose she suddenly found the name too German & will choose a Caucasian lady to help her & be popular. Oh, wont she try to charm all there! — Now I must try and sleep. I have blessed & kissed & laid my head upon your empty cushion as usual. It only can receive my kisses, but, alas, cannot respond to them. — Sleep well, Sweetheart & see wify in your dreams & feel her arms caressingly around you. God bless you, holy Angels guard you, good-night my Treasure, my Sunshine, my long-suffering Job. —

18th. Good-morning wee One — grey & pouring — I found the evening so lovely, moon & stars shining, that I even opened half the window (ventilator always) — & then now, when I drew up the curtains, I was quite disappointed & only 6 degrees again. — As am feeling better, want to peep in to Ania in the big Palace (after Znamenia) on my way to a new young officer who has just come — only 20 years old, with a bad wound in the leg, Vladimir Nikolaievitch thinks it ought to be taken off, as blood-poisoning is setting in there & in the wound in the shoulder — he feels well, does not complain, that is always a bad sign — so difficult to decide when death is so near leave him to die in peace or risk it, I should, as there always is a flicker of hope when the organism is so young, tho' now very weak & high temp. — seems 7 days he was without having his wound dressed, wretched boy, — & so I want to have a look at the child. I have not been into that room for 6 months — no, I was there once since my poor Grabovoy died. — From there I will go to our hospital, as have not been there for a week & I miss them & they even old me. One says one of my lancers, a volunteer Lüder (something like that) has come to us — not wounded but squashed somehow, they could not explain it properly. —

With pleasure I continue thinking over Khvostov's talk & wish you had been there too — a man, no petticoats — & then one who will not let anything touch us, & will do all in his power to stop the attacks upon our Friend, as then he stopped them & now they intend beginning again, & Stcherbatov & Samarin wont certainly oppose, on the contrary for popularity's sake. I am bothering you with this talk, but I should like to convince you, having honestly, calmly the opinion that this (very fat young man of much experience) is the one you would approve of & that old woman who writes to you I should say too — He knows the Russian peasant well & closely having been much amongst them — & other types too & does not fear them. — He knows too that fat Priest, now archimandrite. I think, Gregory's & Varnava's friend, as he helped them 4 years when he was governor during the bad years, & he spoke so well to the peasants & brought them to reason. He finds a good Priest's influence should always be used & he is right — & they arranged together for St. Paul Obnorsky & he is now at Tobolsk or Tiumen & therefore Samarin & company told Varnava they do not approve of him & will get rid of him — his body is colossal Ania says, but the soul high and clear. —

I told Khvostov how sad I find it, that evil intentioned have always far more courage & therefore sooner success — upon wh. he rightly answered, but the others have the spirit & feeling to guide them & God will be near them, when they have good intentions & guide them. —

The Zemstvo Union, wh. I too find has spread too far & taken too many things in hand, so as that later one can say, the Government did not enough look after the wounded, refugees, our prisoners in Germany etc. & the Zemstvo saved them, ought to have been held in bounds by Krivoshein, who set the things going — a good idea, only needed watching carefully as there are many bad types out at the war in their hospitals & feeding stations. Finds Krivoshein too much in contact with Gutchkov. — Khvostov in his paper never attacked german names of the Barons or devoted servants, when they speak of this German influence but drew all the attention upon the banks, wh. was right, as nobody had yet — (& the Ministers saw their faults). He spoke of the food & fuel question — Gutchkov, member of the Petrograd Duma, even forgot that, probably intentionally so as that one should throw the fault upon the government. And it is its very criminal fault not having thought — months ago of getting big stocks of wood — we can have disorders on that account & quite comprehensible — so one must wake up & set people working. Its not your busines to go into these details — it is Stcherbatov, who ought to have seen to that with Krivoshein & Rukhlov — but they occupy themselves with politics — & try to eat away the old man. — Well, I was happy to receive your dear letter from yesterday, & thank you for it from the depths of my heart. I understand how difficult it is for you to find time to write, & I am therefore doubly happy, when I see your dear handwriting & read your loving words. You must miss Misha now — how nice that you had him staying with you, & I am sure that it must have done him good in every sense. — I am enchanted, if you need not have to change the Headquarters, I was quite sad about it, just on account of the moral side, and as God blesses the troops & really things seem to be going better, & we keep firm where we are — then no need for you to move. — But what about Alexeiev remaining alone — you wont get Ivanov to share the work & responsability with him & there you can be more free in your movements to Pskov or wherever you wish. — Well dear, there is nothing to be done with those Ministers, and the sooner you change them, the better. Khvostov instead of Stcherbatov & instead of Samarin there is another man I can recommend devoted old N. K. Shvedov, — but of course I do not know if you find a military man can occupy the place of Over-Procurator of the Holy Synod. — He has studied church history well, has a known collection of Churchbooks — in being at the head of the Accademy for Oriental studies, he studied the Church too — is very religious & devoted beyond words (calls our Friend Father Gregory) & spoke well of him when he saw & had occasion to speak to his former scholars in the army, when he went to see Ivanov. He is deeply loyal — now you know him much better than I do & can judge whether its nonsense or not — we only remembered him, because he longs to be of use to me, to make people know me & be a counterbalance to the "ugly party" — but such a man in a high place is good to have, but as I say, you know his caracter better than I do, otherwise — Khvostov of the justice & the other one in his place, when I mentioned to you the other day, who clears up the stories at Moscow, but whom instead of longnosed Sazonov, if he will be an opponent the whole time! —

I received this from Ella to-day, as she read in the papers that Yussupov is retired from the service: — not said, that according to his petition wh. wld. have sounded prettier & this makes people probably think he did not act well. He wld. gladly (I believe) have returned, had one given him the military power he asked for, but she spoiled all. Well, he is no loss there, tho' I am sorry it was not better worded, & he meant honestly — you might have written a wee word if you had had time but its true, one does not ask ones demission in time of war: "Just read old Felix officially suspended, when he wrote asking demission, must be an error, cant one do something as most painful impression, even people sent away one puts "in accordance with request". I have also wired it to you, as don't know what to answer her. One must make the difference, I find, between a Dzhunkovsky & a Yussupov, the one utterly false — the other stupid but honestly devoted. —

Paul's wife was alright, but bored me with her way of saying how devoted she is etc.: Ladung's lovely daughter marries on Sunday, my Godchild, so I blessed her to-day! The afternoon I remained quiet & Ania read to me. In the morning I was with that poor boy & then in our hospital, sat knitting and talking. — Wet, grey day. — Ania had a long conversation with Mme Zizi about our Friend & Orlov & cleared up many things to her. She made her promise not to tell on the story of Orlov at the Headquarters & N. P. telegr.: — she was horrified & went green — and said she remembers, all the a. d. c. used daily to write their reports during the war to (she did not understand quite, to Anpapa or Motherdear). — She will see her again & clear up many more things for the old lady to know, as she is utterly devoted to us & can be of use if she sees the things rightly. I explained lots of other things the other day wh. she was, most grateful to know. — Is it true what Pss Palei!! says that Bark telegraphed he cannot make the loan without the Duma being called to-gether? That is a catch I fear. Khvostov entreated that one should not think of calling it together before 1-st of Nov: as was announced. He knows people are working at this, but finds it would be a wrong concession, as one must have time to prepare ones actions clearly before they assemble — & be ready to meet all attacks with answers.

Fat Andronnikov telephoned to Ania that Khvostov was very contented with his talk, & other amiabilities wh. I shan't repeat. — Have you any place for my letters? I write such volumes — Baby sweet gently began speaking again, whether you would take him back to the Headquarters & at the same time he feels sad to leave me. But you would be less lonely — for a bit at least, & if you intended to move & see the troops, I could come & fetch him. You have Feodorov, so he would only need Mr. Gilliard, & you could let still one of the aide[s] de camp accompany him out motoring. He could have his French lessons every morning & drive with you in the afternoon — only he cant take walks — he could remain behind with the motor playing about. Have you a room near you, or he could share yr. bedroom. — But that you must think over quietly. — Our Friend always writes about Pokrov — I am sure Oct. 1-st. will bring some particular blessing, & the Virgin help you. To-morrow its four weeks that you left us — shall we really have the intense joy of getting you back by Wednesday? Ania is mad with joy. I carry it in me. And, alas, you will have more disagreable than pleasant things to do; — but what a joy to hold you again in my arms, caress you kiss & feel your warmth & love I so long for. You don't know how I miss you, my Angel Dear.

Now my letter must be sent off — God bless you. Goodbye my own sweet Nicky dear, my husband, my joy & light, the sunshine & peace of my life. I bless & kiss you over and over again. —
Ever yr. very own tenderly loving old wife
Alix.

P. S.
How are the foreigners? Is the nice young Irishman still there,? — Messages to the old man & N. P. Nini is now here again, reasonable & clever & still in despair at her husband's behaviour last month & anxious how is behaving now & hopes he tells you things rightly & honestly. Don't you tell him this Lovy. —

All the children kiss you. Baby bakes potatoes & apples in the garden. The girls went to hospitals. —

Why Boris is again here, I do not know. —

Frolov was in despair. All abused him for allowing the articles about our Friend, tho' it was Stcherbatov's fault & was watching now carefully to avoid anything again, & now he has been changed. Khvostov also has ideas about the press. You will think, that I have now got a "tail" growing. — Gadon does great harm to our Friend speaking horrors about him wherever & whenever he can. —

1000 thanks for the well written cuting about the general situation. This morning's papers with the news fr. the Headquarters pleased me, not dry & explaining the situation so well to all readers. —


Above: Nicholas and Alexandra. Photo courtesy of Ilya Grigoryev at lastromanovs on VK.


Above: Olga, Tatiana, Maria, Anastasia and Alexei. Photo courtesy of Ilya Grigoryev at lastromanovs on VK.


Above: Grigori Rasputin.

Note: Alexandra almost always referred to Grigori Rasputin as "our Friend".

Sunday, June 30, 2024

Alix's letter to Queen Victoria, dated October 21, 1893

Source:

Alexandra Feodorovna: Diaries and Correspondence, volume 1: Princess of Hesse, 1872-1893, page 305, by George Hawkins, 2023

The letter:

Neues Palais, Darmstadt
October 21st 1893
Darling Grandmama,
I must just send You a few lines by the messenger to tell You how happy we are to have dear Ella with us. She did enjoy herself so much at Balmoral and is continuously speaking about it.

On Monday we are all going to Homburg to pay Aunt Vicky a visite. Irène, Henry and the Baby are also here and the house is in consequence quite full. How terribly one misses Papa at such family gatherings You can well imagine as there is no real centre.

We are having beautiful, sunny, bright weather and take nice drives. We go to the Theatre very often and the evenings we stop at home, we play 8 hands which is a great delight. You cannot think how busy we all are, burning and painting for a bazaar, even Serge and Paul have to help us.

I hope You are having fine weather at Balmoral and are able to get out every day as I know how You enjoy being out.
But I must say Goodbye now, beloved Grandmama and God bless You. Kissing Your dear Hand most affectionately I remain Ever Your most loving and deeply devoted Child
Alix


Above: Alix.


Above: Queen Victoria.

Wednesday, June 26, 2024

Alix's letter to Xenia, dated April 10, 1893

Source:

Alexandra Feodorovna: Diaries and Correspondence, volume 1: Princess of Hesse, 1872-1893, pages 293 to 294, by George Hawkins, 2023

The letter:

Darmstadt
April 10th 1893
My darling Xenia,
I just this moment received your dear telegramm, for wh best thanks. What a pitty that you have rain at Livadia, here we are enjoying the finest sunny weather and everything is getting quite green.

We are leaving on Wednesday evening for Florence (Hôtel de la Ville) and I should be so happy if you would send me a line there. Grandmama is living at the Villa Palmieri wh I believe is half an hour from the town, so we shall be perpetually on the rush.

I hear from Ella that she has got the mumps — poor girl. How is Georgie? Please give him and Nicky my love. Our stay at Coburg was charming, we used to spend the mornings painting in the garden, and the afternoon we drove to the Rosenau where we played lawn-tennis and drank tea. Comte Lamsdorff (from Stuttgart) was there, he is so very nice. I hope you spent Easter happily. I thought so much of you all yesterday.

Hoping to hear from you soon, if it is not asking too much.
I remain with a tender kiss, dear Chicken dear, yr very loving old Hen
Alix


Above: Alix.


Above: Xenia.

Monday, June 24, 2024

Alix's letter to Queen Victoria, dated December 22, 1892

Source:

Alexandra Feodorovna: Diaries and Correspondence, volume 1: Princess of Hesse, 1872-1893, pages 288 to 289, by George Hawkins, 2023

The letter:

December 22nd 1892
My darling Grandmama,
I send you my most loving thanks for Your dear letter, which Bäuerlein brought me, You must please forgive my not having answered it before now, as also Your other kind note, but I was not well enough. I am so much better now, only must be still careful — I shall certainly do as You wish and consult an other Doctor, a specialist. Dr. Eigenbrodt thinks it also a very good thing I should do so. It is such a nuisance having perpetually something, and people imagine immediately it being something terrible, which is not in the least the case.

It was such a pleasure having dear Ella here, but alas her stay was too short.

The Christening went off beautifully yesterday, and the dear little Baby was so good and quiet, only smiling, and quite awake.

We leave to-morrow evening for Kiel, one dreads Xmas and the beginning of a new year as that is just the time one longs to have all one's dear ones close by, and one feels the loss of those that have been taken away, more than ever.

I wish we could have taken Victoria with us, but she did not like traveling at this time of year with such a small Baby. We shall be back next week, so as to begin the New Year here.

I have worked You an other chair, like the one I gave You on Your Birthday, and hope You will find it useful for one of the cottages. The little card is to bring You my most tender good wishes for Xmas.
Kissing Your dear Hand most affectionately, I remain, Beloved Grandmama,
Ever Your most loving and dutiful Child,
Alix


Above: Alix.


Above: Queen Victoria.

Sunday, June 23, 2024

Alix's letter to Xenia, after the recent and deeply traumatising death of Alix's father, dated April 8, 1892

Source:

Alexandra Feodorovna: Diaries and Correspondence, volume 1: Princess of Hesse, 1872-1893, page 255, by George Hawkins, 2023

The letter:

Darmstadt
April 8th 1892
Душка Ксеніи
I was deeply touched by your letter so full of kind sympathy, and send you now my most heartfelt thanks.

It has all been too terrible, one can scarcely realize it, it seems like some horrible dream.

One scarcely finds courage to begin life again, without beloved Papa. He was my Sunshine. Being left so much alone to-gether these last years, one had grown if possible still more attached to each other — and then He was suddenly taken from one. One misses Him too fearfully. Oh, it is so hard to be quiet and brave when one feels quite crushed.

Poor Ernie is so young, and such grave responsibilities rest now upon his shoulders. What sorrows this life does bring one, and such hard trials. But I must not make you sad with this letter, you must only know joy and happiness and be spared every sorrow and worry.

I cannot write any more to-day.
A good kiss,
Your loving old
Alix

We miss Ella so much. Alfred is getting on nicely. Very hot weather, all is getting green. I hope you spent your Birthday happily, we thought much of you.


Above: Alix and her siblings in mourning for their father. Photo courtesy of TatianaZ on Flickr.


Above: Alix with her father.


Above: Xenia.

Note: "Душка Ксеніи" = "Darling Xenia".

Friday, June 21, 2024

Alix's letter to Queen Victoria, written during her first time in Russia for the occasion of Ella's wedding, dated June 18, 1884

Source:

Alexandra Feodorovna: Diaries and Correspondence, volume 1: Princess of Hesse, 1872-1893, page 14, by George Hawkins, 2023

The letter:

Peterhof
June 18th 1884
Dearest Grandmama,
I was delighted with the beautiful presents and with Your dear letter — for all of which many, many thanks.

Please forgive the delay in answering. I have been much with little Xenia and her brothers, and only come to our rooms at bed-time, so Miss Jackson hopes You will kindly excuse me not writing sooner.

It is very pretty here, and I enjoy myself very much. Ernie has gone this morning with the other cousins (who held the crown at the wedding) to see dear Ella and Serge, and they all come here to-night for a Dance "Souterie" at the Oldenburg's.

I hope You liked what Irène and I painted. I am sorry I was unable to do any nice work, but at Xmas I hope to be more successful.
With many kisses and much love to dear Auntie, I am
Dearest Grandmama, Your most loving and grateful Grand-child
Alix


Above: Alix with her sisters Irène, Victoria and Ella.


Above: Queen Victoria.

Alix's letter to Queen Victoria, dated December 22, 1883

Source:

Alexandra Feodorovna: Diaries and Correspondence, volume 1: Princess of Hesse, 1872-1893, page 13, by George Hawkins, 2023

The letter:

December 22nd
Dearest Grandmama
I hope you will like the Banner Screen we have worked, and that it will be useful. All our invalids are better — and Ella has already been out driving. We all thought Irène looking very well & plump.

Wishing you and dear Auntie a very happy Christmas.
I am, dearest Grandmama
Your loving & dutiful grandchild
Alix


Above: Alix.


Above: Queen Victoria.

Alix's letter the day after her eleventh birthday to Queen Victoria, dated June 7, 1883

Source:

Alexandra Feodorovna: Diaries and Correspondence, volume 1: Princess of Hesse, 1872-1893, pages 12 to 13, by George Hawkins, 2023

The letter:

Seeheim
June 7 1883
Darling Grandmama,
I thank you very much for Your kind letter and the pretty silver box. It is very nice here and the weather is fine. Yesterday we had a family dinner and I got many pretty presents. Herr Muther gave me a "cress-doll." It is a bottle with a doll's head and arms covered by a dress, he knitted himself and on which cress is sown. I water it often and the cress is growing quite big. We have brought all the dogs here and they bark dreadfully at night. Please give much love to Aunty and Ella from us all, and with many kisses I remain
Your dutiful, loving Grandchild
Alix


Above: Alix. Photo courtesy of TatianaZ on Flickr.


Above: Queen Victoria.

Thursday, June 20, 2024

Excerpt from Ella's letter to Queen Victoria, dated March 14, 1879

Source:

Alexandra Feodorovna: Diaries and Correspondence, volume 1: Princess of Hesse, 1872-1893, page 9, by George Hawkins, 2023

The letter excerpt:

Schloss, Darmstadt
March 14th 1879
... yesterday Alicky in running over a cucumber frame cut herself on the leg & so she is obliged to lie up for two or three days, but she had a lesson today with Frl. [illegible] and the other part of the day she pays Uncle Leo visits — she is delighted to keep him company with a bad leg too — I wish his were as trifling as hers...


Above: Alix.

Excerpt from Ella's letter to Queen Victoria, dated March 7, 1879

Source:

Alexandra Feodorovna: Diaries and Correspondence, volume 1: Princess of Hesse, 1872-1893, pages 8 to 9, by George Hawkins, 2023

The letter excerpt:

March 7th 1879
... Alix of course is with him [Prince Leopold] the most and they play little games of cards together. She has learned a trick which she does very knowingly...


Above: Alix with her maternal uncle Prince Leopold.

Excerpt from Ella's letter to Queen Victoria, after the deaths of Alix's mother Princess Alice and younger sister May (Marie), dated January 2, 1879

Source:

Alexandra Feodorovna: Diaries and Correspondence, volume 1: Princess of Hesse, 1872-1893, page 8, by George Hawkins, 2023

The letter excerpt:

January 2nd 1879
... Dear little Alix understands nothing of our loss — & is as merry as possible. She has begun her little lessons with a German lady....

She likes talking French too, or at least tries! ...


Above: Alix with her grandmother Queen Victoria.


Above: Ella.

Friday, September 22, 2023

Nicholas's letter to Alix, dated July 21/August 2, 1894

Source:

Alexandra Feodorovna: Diaries and Correspondence, volume 2: Engagement and Marriage, 1894, pages 197 to 199, by George Hawkins, 2023

George Hawkins at Letters and writings of Nicholas II and his family on Facebook
The letter:

Peterhof
July 21/Aug 2 1894
N53
My own true Lovy-dear,
Many fondest thanks and loving kisses do I send you with these lines for your dear letter No 55 which I found lying on the table when I came back from a drive on my bicycle! This afternoon I got also two telegrams fr you my sweetykins, oh! how happy I am to know you safely arrived and home again! We are nearer each other now, my Alixy, which is a comfort because our letters will take less time to arrive!

I have got some of the nice new photos of us two, I have put them up on the writing-table and upstairs in my bedroom — it is such a pleasure for me to look at them, only you have got such a sad expression nearly on all — it is true it has been made on the last day! Lovy-dear, you look too thweet for words with that sailor's cap on — you must wear it sometimes at Darmstadt when I come, I shall also bring mine! I like the tiny ones the best and have telegraphed to the man "Now" to send me some more of them! I am glad you had the chance of bathing, though I long to have splashed in the sea with you. Schneiderlein must have looked killing, I am sorry I missed that sight, she looks like a match I am sure!

I have not begun any of your books, but will certainly read them when I have more time! It is simply awful what my room downstairs looks like: heaps of papers, illustrations, photographs, presents, things I brought with me etc — and till now I cannot force myself to get them all in order!

I like that dream you had when orchie saw us late in the evening sitting up together! If she is now with you, do give her many kind messages fr me. Won't she be rather a bore when I come to Darmstadt! But as we shall probably be still more together all day long, it won't be necessary to borrow so many hours of the night! won't it, darling little one?

The weather is fine and not too hot, just what I like. It is funny, but I assure you, I am already sunburnt; as soon as I get home, into the air I am accustomed to, I feel quite another man, and am capable of taking any amount of exercise or working hard the whole day!

Nicky (greek) arrived today from the camp where he spends his time in my regiment. He is delighted to be there and tomorrow I join him and my battalion. Now good-bye, my lovykins for awhile, I must get ready for dinner.

The letter in full:

Peterhof
July 21/Aug 2 1894
N53
My own true Lovy-dear,
Many fondest thanks and loving kisses do I send you with these lines for your dear letter No 55 which I found lying on the table when I came back from a drive on my bicycle! This afternoon I got also two telegrams fr you my sweetykins, oh! how happy I am to know you safely arrived and home again! We are nearer each other now, my Alixy, which is a comfort because our letters will take less time to arrive!

I have got some of the nice new photos of us two, I have put them up on the writing-table and upstairs in my bedroom — it is such a pleasure for me to look at them, only you have got such a sad expression nearly on all — it is true it has been made on the last day! Lovy-dear, you look too thweet for words with that sailor's cap on — you must wear it sometimes at Darmstadt when I come, I shall also bring mine! I like the tiny ones the best and have telegraphed to the man "Now" to send me some more of them! I am glad you had the chance of bathing, though I long to have splashed in the sea with you. Schneiderlein must have looked killing, I am sorry I missed that sight, she looks like a match I am sure!

I have not begun any of your books, but will certainly read them when I have more time! It is simply awful what my room downstairs looks like: heaps of papers, illustrations, photographs, presents, things I brought with me etc — and till now I cannot force myself to get them all in order!

I like that dream you had when orchie saw us late in the evening sitting up together! If she is now with you, do give her many kind messages fr me. Won't she be rather a bore when I come to Darmstadt! But as we shall probably be still more together all day long, it won't be necessary to borrow so many hours of the night! won't it, darling little one?

The weather is fine and not too hot, just what I like. It is funny, but I assure you, I am already sunburnt; as soon as I get home, into the air I am accustomed to, I feel quite another man, and am capable of taking any amount of exercise or working hard the whole day!

Nicky (greek) arrived today from the camp where he spends his time in my regiment. He is delighted to be there and tomorrow I join him and my battalion. Now good-bye, my lovykins for awhile, I must get ready for dinner.

Now it is late in the evening but I must have a little talk with my "Sunny", I could not go to sleep else! Serge and Ella arrived fr Moscow and they dined with us, also a. Miechen u. Wladimir, u. Alexis, Paul and the cousins. I was right pleased to see Ella again, of course, there was no end of talking about you — I love talking about my sweetykins, when she is far away, and with her own sister who sometimes reminds me of my little bride. I told her that she was to write to you and she said it was wrong and lazy of her not answering Granny's or yr letters! I gave all your love and they thank you heartily, especially a. Miechen.

This morning all the family went to Petersburg by sea — there was the "панихида" for Grandpapa and Gra[n]dmama, as tomorrow used to be her namesday. On our way back we lunched on board the "Alexandria" which was a pleasant sort of a picnic! From the peer we drove to the palace (where lovy dear lived as a small child 10 years ago) and looked at Xenia's trousseau. Lor! what a quantity of dresses she receives, some reminded me of your's, especially the tea-gowns! I can see your sweet little bed-room at Windsor, with lots of dresses and stuffs hanging over the bed and sopha and I and Madelaine helping you to try them! Oh! my precious little one, I miss you and want you back so fearfully, come my Alixy, come to your old boysy, who loves you more deeply than he can say. Let me clasp my arms round you and keep you tight on my heart. But "patience", that will come!

It is getting late, sweetykins and I must be early up tomorrow — it is Mama's namesday. Good-night and God bless you, my angel. How thankful I am to Him for bringing you safely home!
Ever your own (your's unto death) deeply loving and utterly devoted, faithful and truly affectionate Nicky

Sweet one! Alixy-dear!


Above: Nicholas and Alix.

Note: панихида = a memorial service in the Russian Orthodox Church.

Monday, September 5, 2022

Pierre Gilliard on Ella trying to persuade Alexandra to believe the truth about Rasputin and how it caused a rift between the two sisters (the account of their last meeting is a fabrication to slander Alexandra), year 1916

Sources:

Treize années à la cour de Russie: Le tragique destin de Nicolas II et de sa famille, pages 153 to 154, by Pierre Gilliard, 1921


Thirteen Years at the Russian Court, pages 181 to 182, by Pierre Gilliard, translated by F. Appelby Holt, 1921


The account:

De nombreuses tentatives avoient été faites auprès de l'impératrice — et par les personnes les plus chères à son cœur — pour tâcher de lui ouvrir les yeux sur la véritable personnalité de Raspoutine: elles étaient toutes venues se briser contre la foi absolue qu'elle avait en lui. Cependant la grande-duchesse Élisabeth Féodorovna voulut encore, en cette heure tragique, tenter un dernier effort auprès de sa sœur. Elle vint de Moscou avec l'intention de passer quelques jours à Tsarskoïé-Sélo au milieu de ceux qu'elle chérissait profondement. La grande-duchesse Élisabeth était de neuf ans plus âgée que l'impératrice et avait pour elle une tendresse presque maternelle. C'est chez elle, on se le rappelle, que la jeune princesse avait fait son premier séjour en Russie; c'est elle qui, au début du règne d'Alexandra Féodorovna, l'avait entourée de ses conseils et de sa sollicitude attentive. Si souvent, déjà, elle avait essayé de désabuser sa sœur sans y parvenir! Pourtant elle espérait que, cette fois, Dieu lui donnerait la force de persuasion qui lui avait fait défaut jusque-là et lui permettrait de prévenir l'effroyable catastrophe qu'elle sentait imminente.

Dès son arrivée à Tsarskoïé-Sélo, elle parla à l'impératrice, s'efforçant, avec tout l'amour qu'elle lui portait, de lui faire comprendre enfin son aveuglement, la suppliant d'écouter ses avertissements, pour le salut des siens et de son pays. L'impératrice resta inébranlable dans sa confiance: elle comprenait le sentiment qui poussait sa sœur à cette démarche, mais elle éprouvait une peine infinie à voir ajouter foi aux calomnies de ceux qui cherchaient à perdre le staretz, et elle la pria de ne plus revenir sur ce sujet. Comme la grande-duchesse insistait, l'impératrice coupa court. L'entrevue était désormais sans objet.

Quelques heures plus tard, la grande-duchesse reprenait le chemin de Moscou, la mort dans l'âme. L'impératrice et ses filles l'accompagnèrent à la gare. Les deux sœurs se séparèrent: elles gardaient intact le sentiment de tendresse infinie que les unissait depuis leur enfance, mais elles comprenaient qu'entre elles quelque chose venait de se briser. Elles ne devaient plus se revoir.

English translation (by Holt):

Many attempts had been made, even by the Czarina's greatest friends at Court, to open her eyes to the true character of Rasputin. They had all collapsed against the blind faith she had in him. But in this tragic hour the Grand-Duchess Elisabeth Feodorovna wished to make one last effort to save her sister. She came from Moscow, intending to spend a few days at Tsarskoïe-Selo with the relations she loved so dearly. She was nine years older than her sister, and felt an almost maternal tenderness for her. It was at her house, it will be remembered, that the young princess had stayed on her first visit to Russia. It was she who had helped Alexandra Feodorovna with wise advice and surrounded her with every attention when she started her reign. She had often tried to open her sister's eyes before, but in vain. Yet this time she hoped that God would give her the powers of persuasion which had hitherto failed her, and enable her to avert the terrible catastrophe she felt was imminent.

As soon as she arrived at Tsarskoïe-Selo she spoke to the Czarina, trying with all the love she bore her to convince her of her blindness, and pleading with her to listen to her warnings for the sake of her family and her country.

The Czarina's confidence was not to be shaken. She realised the feelings which had impelled her sister to take this step, but she was terribly grieved to find her accepting the lying stories of those who desired to ruin the staretz, and she asked her never to mention the subject again. As the Grand-Duchess persisted, the Czarina broke off the conversation. The interview was then objectless.

A few hours later the Grand-Duchess left for Moscow, death in her heart. The Czarina and her daughters accompanied her to the station. The two sisters took leave of each other. The tender affection which had associated them since their childhood was still intact, but they realised that there was a broken something lying between them.

They were never to see each other again.


Above: Alexandra.


Above: Ella.


Above: Grigori Rasputin.


Above: Pierre Gilliard.

Tuesday, August 30, 2022

Alexandra's letter to Nicholas, dated June 11, 1915, and Nicholas's telegram, dated June 11, 1915

Sources:

Letters of the Tsaritsa to the Tsar, 1914-1916, published by Duckworth & Co., 1923



The letter:

No. 82.
Tsarskoje Selo, June 11-th 1915
My very own precious One,
All my tenderest thoughts surround you in love and longing. It was a lovely surprise, when you suddenly turned up again — I had been praying & crying & feeling wretched. You don't know how hard it is being without you & how terribly I always miss you. Your dear telegram was such a consolation, as I felt very low & Ania's odious humour towards me (not to the Children) did anything but enliven my afternoon & evening. — We dined out & took tea on the balkony — this morning its glorious again — I am still in bed, resting you see, as heart not quite the thing, tho' not enlarged — I have been sorting out photos to be glued into albums for the exhibition-bazaar here. — Fancy, big Marie Bariat.'s husband died from a stroke on the 9-th at Berejany in a property named Raï — one carries his body to Tarnopol. He was Commissioner of the red cross at the 11-th Army, can imagine Marie & Olga's despair, as they loved so their brother Ivan. Then the old C. Olsufiev has died — they lived as turtledoves, she will be brokenhearted. — One hears of nothing but deaths it seems to me. — Fancy, what I did last night in bed? I fished out yr. old letters & read through many of them, & those few before we were engaged — & all yr. words of intense love & tenderness warmed up my aching heart, & it seemed to me, as tho' I heard you speaking.

I numbered yours, the last 176 fr. the Head-Quarters. You number my yesterdays please, 313 — I hope my letter did not displease you but I am haunted by our Friend's wish & know it will be fatal for us & the country if not fulfilled. He means what He says, when speaks so seriously — He was much against yr. going to L. & P. — it was too soon, we see it now — was much against the war — was against the people of the Duma coming, an ugly act of Rodz. & the speeches ought not to have been printed (I find).

Please, my Angel, make N. see with your eyes — dont give in to any of the 2-nd class being taken — put it off as long as only possible — they have to work in the fields, fabrics, on steamers etc.; rather take the recroutes for next year now — please listen to His advise when spoken so gravely & wh. gave Him sleepless nights — one fault & we shall all have to pay for it. — I wonder what humour you found at the Head-Quarters & whether the heat is very great. —

Felix told Ania that one threw (then) stones at Ella's carriage & spat at her, but she did not wish to speak to us about it — they feared disorders these days again — don't know why. — The big girls are in the hospital, yesterday all 4 worked in the stores — bandages — & later went to Irina. — How do you feel, my Love, your beloved and sad eyes haunt me still. Dear Olga wrote a sweet letter & kisses you & asks sweetly how you bear all, tho' she knows you will always wear a cheery face & carry all hidden inside. I fear often for yr. poor heart — it was so much to bear — speak out to yr. old wify — bride of the bygone — share all with me, it may make it easier — tho' sometimes one has more strength carrying alone, not letting oneself get soft — the phisical heart gets so bad from it, I know it but too well. Lovebird, I kiss you without end, bless you, cover yr. precious face with kisses & long to let your dear head rest upon my old breast, so full of unutterable love & devotion.
Ever yr. own old
Alix.

I receive Mme Hartwig, Rauchfuss, the 4 Trepov daughters (2 married). Remember to speak about the wounded officers being allowed to finish their cures at home befor returning for 2, 3 or 4 time to battle, its cruel & unjust otherwise. N. must give Alek the order.

My love to the old man & N. P.

Nicholas's telegram:

Telegram. Stavka. 11 June, 1915.
Have arrived safely. During the journey had heavy warm rain. Thanks for news. There is nothing specially bad to report. I hope you will soon feel quite strong again...


Above: Nicholas and Alexandra.


Above: Grigori Rasputin.


Above: Anna Vyrubova.


Above: Ella.

Note: Alexandra always referred to Grigori Rasputin as "our Friend".

Monday, August 22, 2022

Olga's letter to her nanny Maria Vishnyakova, dated July 21, 1913

Source:

Olga Grigor'eva at lastromanovs on VK





The letter:

Петергоф. 1913.
21 Июля
ночью
Мери душка,
Большое Вам за письмо спасибо. Уж мы здесь больше недели и так грустно было с Яхты уезжать. Погода все время чудная. Мы каждый день с Папа в тенис играем. У Беби ручка правая болела эти дни но Слава Богу прошла. Он сегодня оделся и сразу на двойке катался. Тетя Элла живет на Ферме. На днях она едет в Соловецкий монастырь. Тетя Ирэн приехала сегодня. Собачка ея Дженн, что в Спале была тоже. Мама все еще не хорошо. Эти дни она лежала с Беби на балконе наконец на воздухе. Шура поехала на 10 дней в Ладогу. Сейчас спать иду. Господь с Вами, Мери душка. Целую Вас крепко. Ваша
Ольга.

English translation (my own):

Peterhof. 1913.
July 21
at night
Mary darling,
Thank you very much for Your letter. We have been here for more than a week and it was so sad to leave the Yacht. The weather is wonderful all the time. We play tennis with Papa every day. Baby's right hand hurt these days, but thank God it has passed. Today he got dressed and immediately rode in a dvoika. Aunt Ella is staying at the Farm. One of these days she is going to the Solovetsky Monastery. Aunt Irène arrived today. Her dog Jenn, who was at Spala too. Mama is still not well. These days she lay with Baby on the balcony, finally in the air. Shura went to Ladoga for 10 days. Now I am going to sleep. The Lord be with You, Mary darling. I kiss You firmly. Your
Olga.


Above: Olga. Photo courtesy of Ilya Grigoryev at lastromanovs on VK.


Above: Nicholas with a tennis racket.



Above: Nicholas with Olga, Tatiana, Maria and Anastasia at tennis.


Above: Alexandra with Alexei. Photo courtesy of Ilya Grigoryev at lastromanovs on VK.


Above: Ella.


Above: Irène.

Monday, June 6, 2022

Maurice Paléologue's diary entry, dated August 18 (New Style), 1914

Sources:

La Russie des tsars pendant la grande guerre, volume 1, pages 84 to 88, by Maurice Paléologue, 1921


An Ambassador's Memoirs, by Maurice Paléologue, translated by F. A. Holt, 1925


The diary entry:

Mardi, 18 août 1914.
Arrivé ce matin à Moscou, je me rends, vers six heures et demie, avec Buchanan, au grand palais du Kremlin. On nous introduit dans la salle de Saint-Georges, où sont déjà réunis les hauts dignitaires de l'empire, les ministres, les délégations de la noblesse, des bourgeois, des marchands, des corporations charitables, etc., une foule dense et recueillie.

A onze heures précises, l'empereur, l'impératrice et la famille impériale font leur entrée. Les grands-ducs étant tous partis pour l'armée, il n'y a, en dehors des souverains, que les quatre jeunes grandes-duchesses, filles de l'empereur, le césaréwitch Alexis, qui, s'étant blessé hier à la jambe, est porté sur les bras d'un cosaque, enfin la grande-duchesse Élisabeth-Féodorowna, sœur de l'impératrice, abbesse du couvent de Marthe-et-Marie de la Miséricorde.

Au centre de la salle, le cortège s'arrête. D'une voix pleine et ferme, l'empereur s'adresse à la noblesse et au peuple de Moscou. Il déclare que, selon la tradition de ses aïeux, il est venu chercher le soutien de ses forces morales dans la prière aux reliques du Kremlin; il constate qu'un élan magnifique soulève la Russie entière, sans distinction de race ni de nationalité; il conclut:

— D'ici, du cœur de la terre russe, j'envoie à mes vaillantes troupes et à mes valeureux alliés mon ardent salut. Dieu est avec nous! ...

Une longue clameur de hourrahs lui répond.

Tandis que le cortège se remet en marche, le grand-maître des cérémonies nous invite, Buchanan et moi, à suivre désormais la famille impériale, immédiatement après les grandes-duchesses.

Par le salle de Saint-Wladimir et le Vestibule sacré, nous atteignons l'Escalier rouge, dont le palier inférieur se prolonge, par une passerelle tendue de pourpre, jusqu'à l'Ouspensky Sobor, la cathédrale de l'Assomption.

A l'instant où l'empereur paraît, une tempête d'acclamations s'élève de tout le Kremlin, où un peuple immense se presse, tête nue, sur les esplanades. En même temps, toutes les cloches de l'Ivan Véliky rententissent. Et l'énorme bourdon de l'Ascension, construit avec le métal retiré des décombres de 1812, fait planer sur ce vacarme un bruit de tonnerre. Au delà, Moscou la sainte, avec ses milliers d'églises, de palais, de monastères, avec ses dômes d'azur, ses flèches de cuivre, ses bulbes d'or, étincelle sous le soleil, comme un mirage fantastique.

L'ouragan de l'enthousiasme populaire domine presque le fracas de cloches.

Le comte Benckendorff, grand-maréchal de la cour, s'approchant de moi, me dit:

— La voilà donc, cette révolution qu'on nous présageait à Berlin!

Il traduit ainsi probablement la pensée de tous. L'empereur a le visage radieux. La figure de l'impératrice reflète une joie extatique. Buchanan me glisse à l'oreille:

— Nous vivons actuellement une minute sublime! ... Pensez à tout l'avenir historique qui se prépare en ce moment, ici même!

— Oui. Et je pense aussi à tout le passé historique, qui s'est accompli ici même... C'est de cette place, où nous sommes, que Napoléon a contemplé Moscou en flammes. C'est par cette route là-bas que la Grande Armée a commencé sa retraite immortelle!

Cependant, nous voici au parvis de la cathédrale. Le métropolite de Moscou, entouré de son clergé, présente à Leurs Majestés la croix du tsar Michel-Féodorowitch, premier des Romanow, et l'eau bénite.

Nous pénétrons dans l'Ouspensky Sobor. L'édifice, de plan carré, surmonté par un dôme gigantesque que soutiennent quatre piliers massifs, est entièrement recouvert de fresques sur fond d'or. L'iconostase, haute muraille de vermeil, est tout incrusté de pierres précieuses. La faible clarté, qui tombe de la coupole, et le scintillement des cierges entretiennent dans la nef une pénombre rutilante et fauve.

L'empereur et l'impératrice se placent devant l'ambon de droite, au pied du pilier où s'adosse le trône des Patriarches.

Dans l'ambon de gauche, les chantres de la cour, en costume du seizème siècle, argent et bleu pâle, entonnent les admirables hymnes liturgiques du rite orthodoxe, les plus beaux chants peut-être de la musique sacrée.

Au fond de la nef, en face de l'iconostase, les trois métropolites de Russie et douze archevêques sont alignés. A leur gauche, dans tout le bas côté, cent dix évêques, archimandrites et higoumènes sont groupés. Une richesse fabuleuse, une profusion inouïe de diamants, de saphirs, de rubis, d'améthystes, resplendit sur le brocart des mitres et des dalmatiques. Par instants, l'église rayonne d'un éclat surnaturel.

Buchanan et moi, nous sommes placés tous deux à la gauche de l'empereur, en avant de la cour.

Vers la fin du long office, le métropolite apporte à Leurs Majestés un crucifix contenant un morceau de la vraie croix, qu'Elles baisent pieusement. Puis, au travers d'un nuage d'encens, la famille impériale défile autour de la cathédrale, pour s'agenouiller devant les reliques illustres et les tombes des patriarches.

Pendant ce défilé, j'admire l'allure, les attitudes, les prosternements de la grande-duchesse Élisabeth. Malgré qu'elle approche de la cinquantaine, elle a gardé toute sa grâce et sa sveltesse d'autrefois. Sous ses voiles flottants de laine blanche, elle est aussi élégante et séduisante que jadis, avant son veuvage, au temps où elle inspirait les passions profanes... Pour embrasser l'image de la Vierge de Wladimir, qui est encastrée dans l'iconostase, elle a dû poser le genou sur un banc de marbre, assez élevé. L'impératrice et les grandes-duchesses, qui la précédaient, s'y étaient prises à deux fois et non sans quelque gaucherie, afin de se hausser jusqu'à le célèbre icone. Elle l'a fait d'un seul mouvement, souple, aisé, majestueux.

Maintenant, l'office est achevé. Le cortège se reforme; le clergé passe en tête. Un dernier chant, d'une envolée superbe, remplit la nef. La porte s'ouvre.

Dans un éblouissement de soleil, tout le décor de Moscou se déploie soudain. Tandis que la procession se déroule, je songe que, seule, la cour de Byzance, à l'époque de Constantin Porphyrogénète, de Nicéphore Phocas, d'Andronic Paléologue, a connu des spectacles d'une pompe aussi grandiose, d'un hiératisme aussi imposant.

A l'extrémité de la passerelle tendue de pourpre les voitures de la cour attendent. Avant d'y monter, la famille impériale reste quelque temps exposée aux acclamations frénétiques de la foule. L'empereur nous dit, à Buchanan et à moi:

— Approchez-vous de moi, messieurs les ambassadeurs. Ces acclamations s'adressent à vous autant qu'à ma personne.

Sous la rafale des cris enthousiastes, nous parlons, tous les trois, de la guerre commencée. L'empereur me félicite de l'admirable élan qui anime les troupes françaises et me réitère l'assurance de sa foi absolue dans la victoire finale. L'impératrice cherche à me dire quelques paroles aimables. Je l'aide:

— Quel spectacle réconfortant pour Votre Majesté! Comme tout ce peuple est beau à voir dans son exaltation patriotique, dans sa ferveur pour ses souverains!

Elle répond à peine; mais la constriction de son sourire et l'étrange éclat de son regard fixe, magnétique, flamboyant, révèlent son ivresse intérieure. ...

Pendant que Leurs Majestés rentrent au grand palais, nous sortons, Buchanan et moi, du Kremlin, au milieu des ovations qui nous accompagnent jusqu'à l'hôtel.

English translation (by Holt):

Tuesday, August 18, 1914.
When I arrived at Moscow this morning I went with Buchanan about half-past ten to the great Kremlin Palace. We were ushered into the St. George's hall, where the high dignitaries of the empire, the ministers, delegates of the nobility, middle classes, merchant community, charitable organizations, etc., were already assembled in a dense and silent throng.

On the stroke of eleven o'clock the Tsar, the Tsaritsa and the imperial family made their ceremonial entry. The grand dukes had all gone to the front, and besides the sovereigns there were only the four young grand duchesses, the Tsar's daughters, the Tsarevitch Alexis, who hurt his leg yesterday and had to be carried in the arms of a Cossack, and the Grand Duchess Elizabeth Feodorovna, the Tsaritsa's sister, abbess of the Convent of Martha-and-Mary of Pity.

The imperial party stopped in the centre of the hall. In a full, firm voice the Tsar addressed the nobility and people of Moscow. He proclaimed that, as the traditions of his ancestors decreed, he had come to seek the moral support he needed in prayer at the relics in the Kremlin. He declared that a heroic national impulse was sweeping over all Russia, without distinction of race or nationality, and concluded:

"From this place, the very heart of Russia, I send my soul's greeting to my valiant troops and my noble allies. God is with us!"

A continuous burst of cheering was his answer.

As the imperial group moved on, the Grand Master of Ceremonies invited Buchanan and myself to follow the royal family, immediately after the grand duchesses.

Through the St. Vladimir room and the Sacred Gallery we reached the Red Staircase, the lower flight of which leads by a bridge with a purple awning to the Ouspensky Sobor, the Cathedral of the Assumption.

The moment the Tsar appeared a storm of cheering broke out from the whole Kremlin, where an enormous crowd, bare-headed and struggling, thronged the pavements. At the same time all the bells of the Ivan Veliky chimed in chorus, and the Great Bell of the Ascension, cast from the metal saved from the ruins in 1812, sent a thunderous boom above the din. Around us Holy Moscow, with her sky-blue domes, copper spires and gilded bulbs, sparkled in the sun like a fantastic mirage.

The hurricane of popular enthusiasm almost dominated the din of the bells.

Count Benckendorff, Grand Marshal of the Court, came up to me and said:

"Here's the revolution Berlin promised us!"

In so saying he was probably interpreting everyone's thoughts. The Tsar's face was radiant. In the Tsaritsa's was joyous ecstasy. Buchanan whispered:

"This is a sublime moment to have lived to see! Think of all the historic future being made here and now!"

"Yes, and I'm thinking, too, of the historic past which is seeing its fulfilment here. It was from this very spot on which we now stand that Napoleon surveyed Moscow in flames. It was by that very road down there that the Grand Army began its immortal retreat!"

We were now at the steps of the cathedral. The Metropolitan of Moscow, surrounded by his clergy, presented to their Majesties the cross of Tsar Michael Feodorovitch, the first of the Romanovs, and the holy water.

We entered the Ouspensky Sobor. This edifice is square, surmounted by a gigantic dome supported by four massive pillars, and all its walls are covered with frescoes on a gilded background. The iconostasis, a lofty screen, is one mass of precious stones. The dim light falling from the cupola and the flickering glow of the candles kept the nave in a ruddy semi-darkness.

The Tsar and Tsaritsa stood in front of the right ambo at the foot of the column against which the throne of the Patriarchs is set.

In the left ambo the court choir, in XVIth century silver and light blue costume, chanted the beautiful anthems of the orthodox rite, perhaps the finest anthems in sacred music.

At the end of the nave opposite the iconastasis the three Metropolitans of Russia and twelve archbishops stood in line. In the aisles on their left was a group of one hundred and ten bishops, archimandrites and abbots. A fabulous, indescribable wealth of diamonds, sapphires, rubies and amethysts sparkled on the brocade of their mitres and chasubles. At times the church glowed with a supernatural light.

Buchanan and I were on the Tsar's left, in front of the court.

Towards the end of the long service the Metropolitan brought their Majesties a crucifix containing a portion of the true cross, which they reverently kissed. Then, through a cloud of incense, the imperial family walked round the cathedral to kneel at the world-famed relics and the tombs of the patriarchs.

During this procession I was admiring the bearing and attitudes of the Grand Duchess Elizabeth, particularly when she bowed or knelt. Although she is approaching fifty, she has kept her slim figure and all her old grace. Under her loose white woollen hood she was as elegant and attractive as in the old days before her widowhood, when she still inspired profane passions. To kiss the figure of the Virgin of Vladimir, which is set in the iconostasis, she had to place her knee on a rather high marble seat. The Tsaritsa and the young grand duchesses who preceded her had had to make two attempts — and clumsy attempts — before reaching the celebrated ikon. She managed it in one supple, easy and queenly movement.

The service was now over. The procession was reformed and the clergy took their place at its head. One last chant, soaring in triumph, filled the nave. The door opened.

All the glories of Moscow suddenly came into view in a blaze of sunshine. As the procession passed out I reflected that the court of Byzantium, at the time of Constantine Porphyrogenetes, Nicephorus Phocas or Andronicus Paleologue, can alone have seen so amazing a display of sacerdotal pomp.

At the end of the covered-in passage the imperial carriages were waiting. Before entering them the royal family stood for a time facing the frantic cheers of the crowd. The Tsar said to Buchanan and myself:

"Come nearer to me, Messieurs les Ambassadeurs. These cheers are as much for you as for me."

Amid the torrent of acclamations we three discussed the war which had just begun. The Tsar congratulated me on the wonderful ardour of the French troops and reiterated the assurance of his absolute faith in final victory. The Tsaritsa tried to give me a few kind words. I helped her out:

"What a comforting insight for your Majesty! How splendid it is to see all these people swept by patriotic exaltation and fervour for their rulers!"

Her answer was almost inaudible, but her strained smile and the strange spell of her wrapt gaze, magnetic and inspired, revealed her inward intoxication. ...

As Their Majesties returned to the palace Buchanan and I left the Kremlin amidst an ovation which accompanied us to our hotel.


Above: Nicholas and Alexandra with their children.


Above: Ella.


Above: Sir George Buchanan.


Above: Maurice Paléologue.